Interests and Strengths in Autism, Useful but Misunderstood: A Pragmatic Case-Study.
Identifieur interne : 000173 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000172; suivant : 000174Interests and Strengths in Autism, Useful but Misunderstood: A Pragmatic Case-Study.
Auteurs : Valérie Courchesne [Canada] ; Véronique Langlois [Canada] ; Pascale Gregoire [Canada] ; Ariane St-Denis [Canada] ; Lucie Bouvet [France] ; Alexia Ostrolenk [Canada] ; Laurent Mottron [Canada]Source :
- Frontiers in psychology [ 1664-1078 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Background
Studies on autistic strengths are often focused on what they reveal about autistic intelligence and, in some cases, exceptional and atypical reasoning abilities. An emerging research trend has demonstrated how interests and strengths often evident in autism can be harnessed in interventions to promote the well-being, adaptive, academic and professional success of autistic people. However, abilities in certain domains may be accompanied by major limitations in others, as well as psychiatric and behavioral issues, which may challenge their inclusion in support programs.
Objectives
To provide an in-depth, pragmatic, real-life example of the psychological and psychiatric management of interests and strengths in an autistic adolescent.
Method
An autistic teenager, C.A., with above-average calendar calculation and musical abilities, received psychiatric, neuropsychological, and language standardized and clinical assessments, combined with a measurement of his musical and calendar calculation abilities. C.A. and his parents then received psychiatric and psychological support over a 14-month period, targeting their perceptions of C.A.'s interests, strengths, and co-occurring difficulties.
Results
C.A. had a verbal IQ within the intellectual disability range and a non-verbal IQ in the low mean range. Modest calendar calculation, absolute pitch, and matrix abilities coexisted with severe receptive and expressive language disorder. The discrepancy between his abilities in areas of strengths and his limitations in other domains led to anxiety, frustration, and sometimes behavioral issues. Displacing the focus from academic performance to interests, as well as promoting the use of his strengths to develop new skills independently of their short-term adaptive benefits yielded positive effects on C.A.'s self-assessment, quality of life, and behavior at follow up.
Discussion
The appealing idea that abilities mostly found in autistic people, such as calendar calculation, can be directly harnessed into academic achievement and lead to paid employment may have detrimental effects, especially when such abilities are modest and associated with other limitations. These abilities should be primarily used to maximize well-being and quality of life, independently of their short-term adaptive function, which may or may not be positive.
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569339
PubMed: 33123051
PubMed Central: PMC7573358
Affiliations:
- Canada, France
- Midi-Pyrénées, Occitanie (région administrative), Québec
- Montréal, Toulouse
- Université McGill
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CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McGill</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Montréal</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Langlois, Veronique" sort="Langlois, Veronique" uniqKey="Langlois V" first="Véronique" last="Langlois">Véronique Langlois</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gregoire, Pascale" sort="Gregoire, Pascale" uniqKey="Gregoire P" first="Pascale" last="Gregoire">Pascale Gregoire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Sector, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Sector, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="St Denis, Ariane" sort="St Denis, Ariane" uniqKey="St Denis A" first="Ariane" last="St-Denis">Ariane St-Denis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Speech Therapy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Speech Therapy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bouvet, Lucie" sort="Bouvet, Lucie" uniqKey="Bouvet L" first="Lucie" last="Bouvet">Lucie Bouvet</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Centre d'Études et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Centre d'Études et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ostrolenk, Alexia" sort="Ostrolenk, Alexia" uniqKey="Ostrolenk A" first="Alexia" last="Ostrolenk">Alexia Ostrolenk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mottron, Laurent" sort="Mottron, Laurent" uniqKey="Mottron L" first="Laurent" last="Mottron">Laurent Mottron</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QC</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in psychology</title><idno type="ISSN">1664-1078</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Background</b></p><p>Studies on autistic strengths are often focused on what they reveal about autistic intelligence and, in some cases, exceptional and atypical reasoning abilities. An emerging research trend has demonstrated how interests and strengths often evident in autism can be harnessed in interventions to promote the well-being, adaptive, academic and professional success of autistic people. However, abilities in certain domains may be accompanied by major limitations in others, as well as psychiatric and behavioral issues, which may challenge their inclusion in support programs.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Objectives</b></p><p>To provide an in-depth, pragmatic, real-life example of the psychological and psychiatric management of interests and strengths in an autistic adolescent.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Method</b></p><p>An autistic teenager, C.A., with above-average calendar calculation and musical abilities, received psychiatric, neuropsychological, and language standardized and clinical assessments, combined with a measurement of his musical and calendar calculation abilities. C.A. and his parents then received psychiatric and psychological support over a 14-month period, targeting their perceptions of C.A.'s interests, strengths, and co-occurring difficulties.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Results</b></p><p>C.A. had a verbal IQ within the intellectual disability range and a non-verbal IQ in the low mean range. Modest calendar calculation, absolute pitch, and matrix abilities coexisted with severe receptive and expressive language disorder. The discrepancy between his abilities in areas of strengths and his limitations in other domains led to anxiety, frustration, and sometimes behavioral issues. Displacing the focus from academic performance to interests, as well as promoting the use of his strengths to develop new skills independently of their short-term adaptive benefits yielded positive effects on C.A.'s self-assessment, quality of life, and behavior at follow up.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Discussion</b></p><p>The appealing idea that abilities mostly found in autistic people, such as calendar calculation, can be directly harnessed into academic achievement and lead to paid employment may have detrimental effects, especially when such abilities are modest and associated with other limitations. These abilities should be primarily used to maximize well-being and quality of life, independently of their short-term adaptive function, which may or may not be positive.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33123051</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>31</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-1078</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in psychology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Psychol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Interests and Strengths in Autism, Useful but Misunderstood: A Pragmatic Case-Study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>569339</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569339</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="Background" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Studies on autistic strengths are often focused on what they reveal about autistic intelligence and, in some cases, exceptional and atypical reasoning abilities. An emerging research trend has demonstrated how interests and strengths often evident in autism can be harnessed in interventions to promote the well-being, adaptive, academic and professional success of autistic people. However, abilities in certain domains may be accompanied by major limitations in others, as well as psychiatric and behavioral issues, which may challenge their inclusion in support programs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Objectives" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">To provide an in-depth, pragmatic, real-life example of the psychological and psychiatric management of interests and strengths in an autistic adolescent.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Method" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">An autistic teenager, C.A., with above-average calendar calculation and musical abilities, received psychiatric, neuropsychological, and language standardized and clinical assessments, combined with a measurement of his musical and calendar calculation abilities. C.A. and his parents then received psychiatric and psychological support over a 14-month period, targeting their perceptions of C.A.'s interests, strengths, and co-occurring difficulties.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Results" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">C.A. had a verbal IQ within the intellectual disability range and a non-verbal IQ in the low mean range. Modest calendar calculation, absolute pitch, and matrix abilities coexisted with severe receptive and expressive language disorder. The discrepancy between his abilities in areas of strengths and his limitations in other domains led to anxiety, frustration, and sometimes behavioral issues. Displacing the focus from academic performance to interests, as well as promoting the use of his strengths to develop new skills independently of their short-term adaptive benefits yielded positive effects on C.A.'s self-assessment, quality of life, and behavior at follow up.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Discussion" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The appealing idea that abilities mostly found in autistic people, such as calendar calculation, can be directly harnessed into academic achievement and lead to paid employment may have detrimental effects, especially when such abilities are modest and associated with other limitations. These abilities should be primarily used to maximize well-being and quality of life, independently of their short-term adaptive function, which may or may not be positive.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Courchesne, Langlois, Gregoire, St-Denis, Bouvet, Ostrolenk and Mottron.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Courchesne</LastName><ForeName>Valérie</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Langlois</LastName><ForeName>Véronique</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gregoire</LastName><ForeName>Pascale</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Sector, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>St-Denis</LastName><ForeName>Ariane</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Speech Therapy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouvet</LastName><ForeName>Lucie</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Centre d'Études et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ostrolenk</LastName><ForeName>Alexia</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mottron</LastName><ForeName>Laurent</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Recherche, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Nord-de-l'ïle-de-Montréal - CIUSSSNIM, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Psychol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101550902</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1664-1078</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">absolute pitch</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">adolescent</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">autism</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">calendar calculation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">case-study</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">interests</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">intervention</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">strengths</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>53</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>31</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>31</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">33123051</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569339</ArticleId><ArticleId 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